Qualitative composition and quantitative determination of the fatty and organic acids of Rhododendron purdomii R. leaves using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24959/uekj.19.17Keywords:
fatty acids, organic acids, leaves, Rhododendron purdomii R., gas chromatography – mass spectrometry methodAbstract
For today the range of herbal medicines constitute about 30-40 % and tend to increase. Herbal remedies usually have a soft complex effect on the human body with the least amount of side effects. In this regard, plants, including various groups of biologically active substances, deserve attention. Representatives of the Heath family (Ericaceae), a genus of rhododendron (Rhododendron L.) are such plants, which are widely cultivated and have an adequate resource base. Plants of this genus are used in folk medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, vegetative neuroses, rheumatism and epilepsy. The chemical composition and pharmacological activity of most species of the genus, wild growing and cultivated in Ukraine, has not been studied enough.
Aim. To determine the qualitative composition and quantitative content of fatty and organic acids in rhododendron purdom leaves (Rhododendron purdomii R.) by gas chromatography – mass
spectrometry method is the aim of our study.
Results. According to the results of experimental studies by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method in the leaves of Rhododendron purdomii R. 37 substances were determined. The presence of 17 fatty acids has been established. Among the saturated fatty acids the palmitic acid amount presented (1537.79 mg/kg), among the monounsaturated acids the oleic acid amount presented (716.23 mg/kg), among the polyunsaturated acids the linolenic acid amount presented (652.81 mg/kg), were found in significant. During the study we revealed the presence of 20 organic acids, among which the oxalic (5260.08 mg/kg), citric (2913.04 mg/kg) and malic (1401.48 mg/kg) dominate. Among the derivatives of hydroxybenzoic acid the gentisic acid (764.88 mg/kg) dominates. Among derivatives of hydroxybenzoic acid the ferulic acid (189.63 mg/kg) dominates.
Conclusions. For the first time, the qualitative composition and quantitative content of fatty and organic acids in the leaves of Rhododendron purdomii R. were determined by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry method. It is established that fatty acids, namely palmitic, oleic and linolenic; from organic acids – oxalic, citric and malic; from hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives – gentisinic; from hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives – ferulic acid are found in significant amounts in the leaves. The results determine the prospects for further study of the leaves of Rhododendron purdomii R. and the development of raw material extract.
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